Automatic firearm.



C. H. Ai F. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNI: 4, 1909.

Patented May 17, 1910.

l1 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

@14mm/12oz @Momwfu C. H. A. P. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM. l APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

Patented May 17, 1910.

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G. H. A. F. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

958,545., Patented May 17, 1910.

C. H. A. F. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE/1, 1909.

Patented May 17, V1910.

11 BHEETS-SHBET 4.

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h] a-M @Hof/nud v G. H.- A. P. L. ROSS. AUTOMATIC HREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

lPatentetMay 17, 1910.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

47 u. E@ if F 7 G. H. A. P. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC PIREARM.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

Patented. May 17, 1910.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

C. H. A. F. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLIOATION HLBD 11111114, 1909.

Patented 111W` 17, 1910.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

5 1 W M. 7cm

o. H, A. P. L. Ross. AUTOMATIC IIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

. Patented May 17, 1910.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

SWW/what G. H. A. 1:". L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

Patented May 17, 1910.

11 sums-SHEET a.

C. H. A. P. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE et, 1909.

- Patented May 17, 1910.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

? NQ ffm r woI/Hdi G. H. A. F. L. ROSS.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1909.

Patented May 17, 1910.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

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speomomo of mum ratn.; Y' Patented May 17, 1910.

Application mea rune 4,1909-, sum1 No. 506,226.

To all 'whom fitmay comm:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. F. L. Ross, of Balna Cromarty, Suterland'l and Lanark, in the United Kingdom of reat Britain, a sub- 'ectof His Majesty the King' of Great ritain, a resident of Ross-Shire,Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Im-4 provements inAutomatic Firearms; and I do hereb declare the following to be a full,clear, an exact description of the invention, such as will enableothersskilled in the art to which itA appertains to' make and usel the same.

My invention relates to automatic lire arms, and has forits object theproductiony of a fire arm of this type which will be comparativelysimple in construction; which will be certain in action and'not liableto get out of order under hard usage; one that 1scapable of being usedas a single loader or as a mazine ader; and one that will automaticaL ylock the barrel in its forward iosition @after thel last cartridge hasbeen With these and other objects in view the invent-ion consistsv inthe novel details of construction and combinations of parts more forminga part of this fully hereinafter disclosed and particularly pointed outin the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings cification in which like numeralsrefer to ike arts iny all the views z-Figure 1 is a side e evationalview of my im roved type of gun. Fig. 2, is an enlarged ongitudlnalsection of the barrel casing, Ishowing the parts contained therein. Fig.3, is a longitudlnal section showing the breech, the iring and theloading mechanism and their operating parts in the position immediatelvafter firing and before the recoil has occurred. Fig. 4, is a viewsimilar to Fig. 3, of the breech mechanism showing the barrel at thelimit of recoil. Fig. 5, is a `view similar to Fig. 4, with the barrelomit'- ted, showing the position assumed by the breech mechanism afterthe barrel has gone forward on counter recoil and slightly beyond thefiring position, and showing an. empty shell being ejected. Fig. 6, is across section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 3 and looking in thedirection of the arrows, and with the outer cover or casing omitted.

Fig. 7, is a cross section taken on the liner wn, in the counties ofRoss,

7-7 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction 'of the arrows, also omittingthe outer casing. Fig. 8, isa likeecross section taken on the line ofFig.Y 3 and-.looking inA the Adirection .of the arrows. Fig. 9, is across section .taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 2. Fig. 10, isa crosssection taken on the line 10--10 of Fig/2. Fig.`11,is a cross sectiontaken on the inel 11--11 of Fig. 2. Fig. 12, isa detail view showing thelatch, receiver,

v and bolt sleeve in its locked position. Fig.

13 is a view similar to Fig. 12, showing the bolt sleeve after it hasadvanced toward its unlocked positlon. Fi 14., is a cross section on theline 14k-14.I ofl ig. 13. Fig. 15, is a view similar to Figs. 12 and 13showing the parts in their unlocked position. Fi 16, 1s a cross sectiononthe lme 16--1'6 o Fig. 12. Fig. 17, is a detail side elevation of thereceiver showing its cam slots. Fi 13, is a detail plan view ofthereceiver. ig. 19, is an end Aview of the receiver looking toward theleft inl Fig. 17. Fig. 20, is a cross sectionon the line 20-20 of Fig.17. Fig. 21, is adeta-il side elevation of the gun barrel showing theslidel grooves. Fig. 22, is a detailplan view of the gun barrel. Fig.23, is an end view of the gun barrel looking toward the left in Fig. 21.Fig. 24, is a cross section of the gun barrel taken on the line 24-24 ofFig. 21. Fi 25, is a detail erspective view of the latc Fig. 26, is aetallerspective View of one of the buttons for guidin the barrel: Fig.27 ,is a detail top plan View of the trigger guard and its connectingparts. Fig. 28, is a detail side elevation of the trigger guard and itsparts shown in Fig. 27. Fig. 29, is an end view of the parts shown inFig. 27 looking toward the left in said ligure. Fig. 30, is a detailperspective view of the bolt sleeve. Fi 31, is a detail perspective viewof the bo t. Fig. 32, is a detall perspective view of the extractor.Fig. 33, is a detail er- Fig. 34, 1s a detail perspective view of/r thee]ector and firing pin retainer. Fig. 35, is a detail perspective Viewofthe firing in. Fi 36, is a detail pers ective view o the yo eassociated wlth t e firing mechanism. Fig. 37, is a detail perspectiveView of the hammer. Fig.l 38, is a detail perspective view of thetrigger pawl. Fig.' 39', 1s a detail perspective view of thetrlgger.Fig. 40, is a detail perspective view of the Sear. Fig. 41, is a detail`view ofthe cooking bolt. Fig. 42, is a detail view of the hammer spring,and Fig. 43, is a detail perspective view of the barrel stop.

1 represents the barrel; 2 a casing surrounding the forward portion ofthe barrel; and 3 a loading springV inside the casing and alsosurrounding the barrel.

At the forward end of the barrel is a col- .lar 4 slidingly secured tothe barrel lby suitable adjustable fastenings 5, and to this collar theouter end of the casing is secured, as by the screws 6, while the outerend of the loading spring also rests against said collar, as shown.

The inner end of the barrel casing is conveniently slipped into theouter end of the enlar ed section 7 of` said casing, as illustrate and aspool or collar 8, which receives the inner end of the loading sprin issuitably secured to the barrel as gy screw threads, as shown. Inside thesection 7 and surrounding the barrel is the recoil or main spring 9,which is heavier or stronger than the loading spring 3, and the outerend of which abuts against the rear end of the s ool 8. The rear end 10of this spring, as est shown in Fig. 3, snugly fits, as by a groundjoint, between the rear end ofthe casing 7, and the forward end 11 ofthe receiver 12. The barrel 1 is preferably tapered at 13, where itpasses through the end 11 of the receiver, and is also provided with anenlargement 14, which closes said receiver end when in its tiringposition. Between the tapered portion 13, and the extreme rear end 15 ofthe barrel on each side extend guide ways 16, in which t the guide lugs18 of the guide buttons 17, see Figs. 3, 8 and 26. These buttons arefitted in recesses in the end portion 11 of the receiver, and aresecurely held between the sides of the barrel and the inside of saidreceiver, as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 8.

It is evident from what has now been said that the barrel is free toslide forward and backward, and when it moves forward the loading spring3 will be compressed, owing to the collar 4 remaining stationary; whilethe muzzle end of the spring 9 will abut against the shoulder 20 of thecasing 7 and cushion the forward movement. In the same way, when thebarrel moves to the rear, the spool 8 will abut against and cause therecoil spring 9 to be compressed owing to its rear end 10 being heldagainst the stationary end 11 of the receiver.

Slidingly fitting the receiver is a bolt sleeve 21, Figs. 3, 6, 12, 13,14 and 30, which is provided with an enlarged bore having interruptedlugs or rings 22, and a smaller bore aving screw threads 23. The lugs 22interlock with correspondingly interrupted lugs 24 on the rear end 15 ofthe barrel,

cams 31 and 32, and the straight portion 33.

It is evident, from what has been so far disclosed, if the lugs 30 arein the position indicated in Fig. 12, and the barrel moves to the rear,that the said lugs wil strike the cam 32 of the slots and be thrown downinto the dotted line positioncontacting with the straight portion 33, asindicated in Fig. 12; whereupon the sleeve will be rotated on its axis,and unlocked from the barrel. It is also evident that if when in thesaid dotted line position the sleeve and lugs are moved forward alongthe straight portion 33 until the lugs abut against the stop 34and ifthen the sleeve is again moved to the rear with the lugs in engagementwith the cam surface 35 on the latch 36, that the sleeve will be againrotated into its locked position, all as will be more fully disclosedhereinafter.

Referring again to the bolt 26, it is provided witli an extension 37Ahaving a T- shaped slot 38 to receive the extractor 39, having a lug 40filling a slot 4l in the bolt, to prevent longitudinal movement of theextractor. The extractor fitted asdescribed also prevents the bolt fromrotating relatively to thepbarrel. The bolt is also bored out to receivethe iiring pin 4 2, and the ejector 43, Figs. 3, 33 and 35, throughwhich the flrin pin passes. The ring pin is provided wlth the collar 44,and a spring 45 extends between said collar and ejector, which keeps thefiring pin normally retracted and the` ejector normally projectingbeyond the end surface of the bolt, as illusltrated in Fig. 3. Theejector is provided with a longer pin 46 and a shorter guide pin 47,which extend through holes bored through the bolt, and when acartridgeis in the gun the longer pin 46 contacts with the same and causes the `sring 45 to be put under compression, as will be readily understood. Thatis to say, when the barrel moves away from the bolt the cartridge shellwill still be held against the same by the extractor, and the ejectorspring being under compression will then force the said shell out of thebreech opening, as indicated in Fig. 5, as soon as theforward end of theshell clears the barrel.

The ejector, firing pin and spring are held in place by the retainer 50,which enters the bolt las shown, and which is secured in place by thepin 51, which passes through the bolt and is held on the interior of thescrew thread portion 23 of thesleeve 21. This retainer is also providedwith the slotted lugs 50', asbest seen in Fig. 34, and between theselugs reciprocates the upper end of the yoke 57 as best shown in Fi s.3,v 4 and 5, as the bolt moves backward an v forward, and therebyefectually prevents the retainer from turning with the sleeve, all aswill appear from what follows.

It will now be clear from theforegoing that upon discharging the piecethe firing pin `wi 1 be driven forward against the tension of the spring45 the barrel will recoil against the tension of the spring 9, and thelu s 30 will strike against the earns 32 and w1 l unlock the sleeve 21and bolt from the barrel. counter recoil and move forwar against thetension of -the loading s ring 3, comressing the latter and opening t ebreechsu ciently for a cartridge 55 to be moved u wardly from themagazine, and to be picke up and inserted into the barrel upon thelatter being again returned to the rear by the'said loading ring, all aswill appear more fully below. hen the barrel moved forward, however, oncounter recoil, the sleeve 21 and bolt 26, being rearmost position shownin Fig. 4. In this lposition a pair of springs 55, 56, the latter eingthe heavier, as shown in Fig. 16, are placed under tension by the energyof recoil,

owing to their connection with a yoke 57 pivoted on the rod 58 andcontacting with the sleeve as shown. At the proper time, as will beexplained, these springs through the yoke move the sleeve and breechbolt forward until the lugs 30 abut against the surface 34 of thereceiver, Fig. 12. Before the lugs reach this position, however, one ofthem encounters the cam surface 59 ofthe latch 36, Fig. 25, therebyforcing the latch outwardly, as indicated in Fig. 14, against thetension of the spring 60 surrounding the plunger bolt 61 a ainst whichthe lower end of thevlatch impinges. As soon as the lug 30 passes thecam 59, the latch snaps back into placeunder the influence of itsspring, and brings its cam 'surface 35 up against'the rear edge of thelug 34, as best shown in Fig. 12. When in this position the sleeve 21 isslightly forward of its firing position, and is ready to receive theinterrupted slotted rear end 15 of the barrel; and as the latter afterpicking up a cartridge is driven to the rear, it enters the sleeve 21and forces it back to the firing position. In doing so, however, the lug30 must ride up the cam surface 35 before the firing position can beassumed,.

and therefore the sleeve and barrel must be interlocked when the gun isfired. -During the forward movement of the sleeve 21, the heavier spring56 acts to accelerate the forward motion of the bolt, but after thesleeve in its forward movement reaches its firing The barrel will thereuon suffer a` unlocked, were left in their 30 are under-cut, as shown inFigs. 14 and 16, and the latch is correspondingly shapedV to tit one ofthe same, so when the firing position is assumed the .parts are firmlylocked, as indicated.

The firing mechanism comprises a hammer 60 pivoted in the yoke at 612,and pro-I vided with a sear notch 62,- a toe 63 and a proJection 64,Figs. 4 and 37. The scar 65 isbest shown in Fig. 40, andI consists of atripping lug or point 66, a pivot 67 on the projection 68 havin thenotch 68. The yoke 57, Fig..36, is a hollow casin as shown, and isprovided with a hole 69 for: thehammer pivot pin, an'L-rshapedI notch 70for the sear pivot 67, and a hole 71 for the cam boltv 58, Fig. 41. A.combined sear and haminer spring 72 of a V-shaped construction \restswit one end on the toe 63 of the hammer and with its other end in thenotch 68 of the sear projection, as shown in Fig. 4.

The trigger 75 is pivoted at 76 to the trigger guar 7, and at 78 to thepawl 79 controlled by the spring 80. It is clear from Figs. 3,` 4 and 5that when the hammer is cocked and the parts are in their ringpositions, that u on pulling the trigger, the

awl 79 wil move forward against the soY ower end of the Sear, will swingthe latter on its pivot and thereby disengage its lug f 66 from the searnotch 62 on the hammer.

That then the spring 7 2 'will swing the hammer on its pivot, and willat the same time through its action on the projection 68 of the' searforce the lower end of the sear to the rear, which in turn contacts withthe forward end of the pawl 79, and through the latter and the spring80, the trigger will be restored to its forward position as soon as itis released. The parts before the recoil has taken place will be in theposition shown in Fig. 3. As the recoil occurs, however, the yoke 57will be turned on its pivot to the position shown in Fig. 4, whereuponthe sear lug engages the sear notch on the hammer, and 'when counterrecoil occurs and the yoke assumes the position shown in Fig. 5, whichis forward of the tiring position, the hammer is cocked, but the pawl 79is in its safety position out of contact with the sear. As the artsagain return to the rear from the position shown in Fig. '5, to thefiring position, the yoke lever 57 is again turned on its pivotsuiiciently to permit the lower end of the sear to pass ofi' the forwardend of the pawl 79, whereupon the spring 8O snaps said pawl end upbehind the sear, as best shown in Fig. 3, when the parts are ready .tobe again fired.

Referring again to Figs. 3, 4 and 5, and particularly to the cocklngbolt and yoke pivot 58 best shown in Fig. 41, it will be observed thatthis 'bolt is provided with a cut aiway 'cam portion 100, and a slot 101into which. the lower end of the hammer.

takes place when the sald bolt 58 is turned side of the by the yoke .57,under the influence of the springs 55 and 56, as above disclosed. Again,as best shown in Fig. 30, the bolt sleeve 21 is rovided with aprojection 105, which will he struck by the projection 64 on the hammerand thereby revent said hammer from driving the firing pin for- Wardwhenever the said sleeve is not in its locked position, so that it isimpossible for the piece to be discharged when the parts are not lockedtogether.

A light dust cover, not shown except in Fic'. 1, protects all the parts.

s stated above, when the barrel goes forward on counter recoilituncovers the magazine and a cartridge 55 is forced up into position tobe picked up by the barrel on its return to the rear. The cartridge islifted by the action of the spring 85 surroundin the rod 86reciprocating through the gui e 87, and pivoted at its rear end' 89 toany suitable or well known cartridge lifter 88 having a parallel motionby which each cartridge is accuratel brought into the proper position tobev oaded 1nto the barrel. Thls cartridge lifter is provided with aprojection 90, which plays u` and down in the slot 91 of the slidingbarrel stop 92, and the parts are so proportioned that when the lastcartridge is fired the said projection will ,force said stgp up behindthe barrel'and lock it in its forward position, wher cartridges may beagain placed in the magazine and the barrel released. If desired, ofcourse, the barrel st'op and projection ma be thrown out of action by-any suitablh mechanism, such as a locking projection, not shown, on theright un, and the gun then used as a single loa er.

The firing mechanism and its associated parts are supported by thetrigger guard frame 77 and its connections; which, as best illustratedin Figs. ,27, 28 and 29, is or may be of' lnetal, and comprises thetrigger guard proper, with the parallel exten'slons 93, provided withthe bored lugs94 for the y, accommodation of the cam lc'ocking bolt andpivot 58, with the-lugs 95, the hole 96, thel fore stock extensions 97to accommodate the magazine, and with other features adapted tofacilitate the ready assembling and diswer end of `the lhambined hammerand Sear. spring 72 drives forward the firing pin 42 against thetensionof the combined rm pin and ejector spring 45, which explodes t ecartridge. The barrel l now recoils, compressing the main spring 9, andcarrying the bolt and sleeve 21` to the rear aboutthe distance of aninch. As the sleeve recedes it turns the yoke 57 on the cooking bolt 58as a center and lagainst the tension of the springs 55 and 56. Thehammer being pivoted at 69 in said yoke rotates around said cockingbolt, and its lower end strikes the cam 100, which throws forward thesear notch 62 into engagement with the sear lug 66, and in the meantimecompressing the spring 72 which thereupon holds the Sear and hammer intofirm engagement. The said sear, however, being pivoted to the yoke inthe notch 70, will ave been swung clear of the pawl 79, and therefore,although the hammer spring -is under tension, yet the trigger cannottrip the hammer, as will be clear from Fig. 4. In the meantime the lugs30 on the sleeve 21, have taken against the cams 32 in the receiver, andsa1d lsleeve has become 'unlocked from the annular interrupted lugs onthe rear end of the barrel. As soonas the barrel /reaches the limit ofits recoil, its main or recoil spring 9 will expand and project itforward against the tension of the loading spring 2, and'beyond its ringposition, just as a bow will project an arrow, and this movement of thebarrel uncovers the magazine. The springs 55 and 56 in the meantimeforce forward the upperi` end of the yoke, and thereby cause the boltand sleeve to follow the barrel to a point slightly beyond the firingposition, or until the lugs 30 strike the surfaces 34. The spring 5 6 ismade stronger than the spring 55, in order to accelerate this movement,but it is so adjusted that it ceases to ac t when the sleevev reachesthe firing position 1n its longitudinal movement, which is about thetime the latch 36 is forced outwardly. The bolt and sleeve remainforward of the iring position, and in their unlocked condition, untilthe barrel having been returned by the loading spring and having pickedup a cartridge on the way back, rengages the sleeve and carries it backto the firing osition. In doing so, however, one of theg the cam 35 onthe latch, and thereby cause the interrupted lugs 24 of the barrel toenugs 30 must ride up barrel, and cams, lugs and a cam latch .forautomatically causing said barrel and sleeveI gage the interrupted legs22 of the bolt, whereupon the upper en of the latch snaps into theundercut groove on the 11% 30 and firmly holds the. sleeve in place. henthe barrel went forward, the extractor 39 held the cartridge a ainst theejector pm 456, and the sprin 45 eing under compression, as soon as eforward end of the cartridge cleared the rear end of the barrel, saideJector pin projected the empty shell clear of the piece, as shown1n-F1g. 5. When this occurred the sear had been rotated by the yoke sothat its lower end depressed the pawl 19 against the action of thesprmg80 as shown. When, however, the sleeve and bolt were returned to theirmg osition, the said sear was rotated suflicient y in the oppositedirection to enable said pawl to snap past the lower end of the sear andto be therefore in a position for rmg. In other words,it will beobserved that parte are in their safety position and the trigger is,

inert up to the moment the breech is locked and ready for firing. Itwill, also, be observed that the parts cannot return `to thelr firingposition until all the parts are firmly locked. Furthermore, the ammercannot strike the firing pin except when the sleeve is locked to thebarrel on account of the lug 105; and the oint of said pin is normallyretracted by t e s ring 45. I

lt will be seen t at each time the trigger is ulled and released, andthere are cartri ges in the magazine, the gun w1ll be fired; and thatthe spring 8O serves to return the trigger to its forward positlon, aswell as to eng the pawl and sear.

' After t e magazine is exhausted, the barrel is automatically locked inits forward position by the sliding stop piece 92, and theV magazine maythen be replenished or the gun may be used as a single loader.

When it is desired to open the gun by hand, the bolt 6l may be ressed.in to discngage the lug 30 from t e latch 36, and the hammer may becocked by turning the cooking bolt 58, thereby permitting the boltsleeve 21 to rotate to the unlocking position.

1t is obvious that those skilled 1n the art' ma make changes in detailsof construction an in the arrangement of-parts without departing fromthe spirit of this invention, and therefore I do not wish to Abe limitedto such features except as may be required by the claims.

What l claim is l. In an automatic gun, the combination of a slidingbarrel, main and loading s rings surrounding the same; a magazine; areech mechanism; and means comprising a reciprocating and rotatingsleeve provided with an interrupted connection withy said to lunlock andto interlock; substantially as described.

2. In an automatic gun, cfa sliding barrel; main and loading springssurroundi ejecting mechanism; a rotating sleeve; inten ruptedconnections between said barrel and sleeve; and means comprisin cams,lugs and a cam latch for automatica ly causing said barrel and sleeve tounlock and to interlock.;

of a reciprocatin barrel; main and loading sprin s surroun ing-saidbarrel; a sleeve provi ed with an interrupted connection with saidbarrel; and means comprising cams, lugs, and fa cam latch forautomatically causin said barrel and sleeve to unlock and to inter ook uon ring the pieceysubstantially as descri ed.

4:. ln an automatic gun, the combination of a reciprocatin barrel; amain sprlei; a loading spring a apted to be compres by said main sprin areciprocating and rotating sleeve provi ed with an interruptedconnection with said barrel; a breech bolt secured in said sleeve; andmeans-for causin said sleeve as itl reciprocates to engage and scribed.

5. In an automatic gun, the combination of a reciprocatin barrel a mainsprin a loading spring a apted to be compressed by said main sprln'o; areciprocating and rotating sleeve provi ed with an interruptedconnection with said barrel; a breech bolt secured in said sleeve; meansfor causing said sleeve as it reciprocates to en a gage said barrel; andad itional spring 1 ressed means for impelling forward said lt andsleeve after the barrel has recoiled, substantially as described.

of areciprocating barrel; a sleeve; interrupted connections between saidbarrel and sleeve; a breech bolt secured in said sleeve; andmeanscomprisin cams, lugs and a cam latch for automatica y causing saidbarrel and sleeve to unlock and to interlock,-,\ substantially asdescribed.

7 In an automatic gun, the combination of a reciprocating barrel; asleeve; interrupted connections between said barrel and sleeve; a breechbolt secured in said sleeve; a receiver in which said sleevereciprocates provided with a cam and a slot; a latch provided with acam; and a lug on said sleeve ada ted to coact with said cam, slot andlate and to cause said sleeve to automatic- 'ally en ge and disengagesaid barrel, substantia y as described.

of a reciprocating barrel; a sleeve; interthe combination,

the same; a magazine; an auto.- .Y

matic cooking mechanism; an automaticf l' disengage said barrel,substantially vas fle-- 7e substantially as described. 3. In an.automatic gun', thecombinaton.

6. In an automatic` gun, the combination 8. n an automatic gun, thecombination rupted connections between said barrel and sleeve; a breechbolt secured in said sleeve; a receiver in which said sleeve and boltreciprocate provided with a cam and a slot; a latch provided with a cam;and a lug on said sleeve provided with anv undercut groove into whichthe end of said latch lits and adapted to coact with said cam,slot andlatch and to cause said sleeve to automatically engage and disengagesaidbarrel, substantially as described.

.9. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; a sleeve; aninterrupted slotted connection between said barrel and sleeve; a breechbolt Isecured in said sleeve; an ejector in said bolt; a firing pinpassing through said bolt and ejector; and a spring adapted to normallyhold said pin retracted and said ejector protruding beyond said bolt,substantially las described.

l10. In an automatic gun, the combinatlon of a reciprocating barrel; areciprocating breech closure; means for reciprocating sai barrel;independent means for moving said breech closure forward of its iringposition;

'Y 12. In an automatic gun, the combination of a barrel; areciprocatingbreech-closure adapted to interlock with the same; a yoke lever adaptedto move with said closure; a spring attached to said yoke; a sear and ahammer carried by said yoke; and meanswhereby saidl hammer is cockedwhen said yoke is moved to the rear, substantially as described. v

13. In an'automatic gun, the combination of a reciprocating barrel; areciprocating breech closure adapted'to interlock with the saine; a yokelever adapted to move with said closure; aspring attached to said yokeadapted to cause said closure to move forward; a Sear and a -hammercarried by said yoke; and means comprising a cam whereby said hammer iscocked when said yoke is moved to the rear, substantially as described.

14. Inan automatic gun, the combination of a pivoted yoke; a hammerpivoted to the same; a sear pivoted to the yoke; and a single spring foractuating said hammer and sear, substantially as described.

15. In an automatic gun, the combination of a pivoted yoke; a spring formoving the yoke; a hammer ivoted to the yoke; a Sear carried by the yoe; a single spring for actuating said hammer and scar; and a camforcocking said hammer. when said yoke is turned on its pivot,substantially as described. v 16. In an'a'utomatic gun, the combinationof a reciprocating breech block; a pivoted yoke for moving the same inone direction; a spring for moving the yoke; a hammer pivoted to theyoke; a sear carried by the yoke; a single spring for actuating saidhammer and Sear; and a cam` for cocking said hammer when said yoke isturned 011 its ivot by the movement of said breech bloc in the otherdirection, substantially as described. 17. In anautomatic gun, thecombination of a pivoted yoke; a hanmmer and a Sear keccentricallypivoted to lsaid yoke; -means carried by the pivot of said yoke forcocking the hammer; and a pawl adapted to disen- .gage said hammer'andsear, substantially as described.

18. In an automatic gun, the combination of a pivoted yoke; a hammer anda scar eccentrically pivoted to said yoke; means carried bythe pivot ofsaid yoke for cocking the hammer; a pawl adapted to disengage saidhammer and Sear; a trigger for reciprocating said pawl; and a s r' lingsaid trigger and paw described.

19. In an automatic gun, the combination of .a pivoted yoke; a sear anda hammer ecsu stantially as for controlcentrically pivoted to said yokeand adapted to engage when said yoke 1s moved; a pawl for controllingsaid Sear, and a trigger for controlling said pawl; the parts bein soarranged that when said yoke is turne on its pivot to engage said searand hammer, said pawl will be out of enga ement with said Sear,substantially as descri ed.

20. In an automatic the combination of a hammer; a sear a apted toengage the same; a yoke carrying said hammer and sear and adapted toswing to the rear of and to the front of its ring position; and meansadapted tok trip said scar only after said yoke has returned to itsfiring position, substantially as described. i

21. In an automatic gun, the combination of a hammer; a cam for cookingthe same; a Sear; a movable yoke carrying said hammer and sear; andmeans whereby said hammer may be fired only when said yoke is in itsfiring position, substantially as described.

22. In an automatic gun, the combination of a yoke; a pivot for the samehavin a cocking cam; a hammer ivoted to the yo e; a scar pivoted to theyo e; a spring carried by the yoke forv actuating said hammer and sear;a pawl for trippin said scar; a trigger controlling said lpaw and aspring for controllin said trigger and pawl, substantially as escribed.

23. In an automatic gun, the combination of a hammer; a sear;a springfor actuating said hammer and sear; a trlgger; a pawl controlled by thetri ger and adapted to trip the Sear; means moving sald hammer and searinto and out of their iringpositions; and means by which said pawl canonly'trip Vsaid sear when said rst mentioned means is in its ringposition, substantially as described.

24. In an automatic gun, the combination of a reciprocating barrel; areciprocating breech closure; an interrupted slotted connection betweensaid barrel and closure; a Eivoted yoke; a hammer and sear carried ysaid yoke and adapted to be brought into engagement when said closuremoves to the rear; a spring for moving said yoke forward of its firingposition; means for then returning the same to its firing position; apavwl for tripping said sear; and means for causing sai sear to be outof the path of said pawl at al1 times except when said yoke is in itsfiring position, substantially as described.

25. In an automatic gun, the combination of a reciprocating' barrel; amain spring; a

apted e compresse by 26. In an automatic gun, the combination of areciprocatln barrel; a main sprung; a

loading spring a apted to-be compresse y said main spring; a magazine; alifter for the magazine adapted to present cartridges one after anotherin the path of said barrel; and a latch adapted to'lock ,said barrel inits yforward position after the last cartridge from said magazine hasbeen fired, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I aiiix my signature, in presence of twoWitnesses.

CHARLES HENRY AUGUSTUS FREDERICK LOCKHART ROSS.

Witnesses THOMAS CRAIG, W. CAMPBELL.

